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ДЕНЬ В ИСТОРИИ ФОТОГРАФИИ
 | | Адольф Фассбендер (Adolf Fassbender [1884, 3 May - 1980, 2 January]) - Знаменитый американский фотограф. Родился в Кельне (Германия) и переехал в США в 1912 году. С 1927 год Фассбендер, следуя за примером Альфреда Штиглица посвящает себя исключительно художественной фотографии. Он написал несколько фундаментальных трудов по фотографии и стал одним из основателей фото-сообщества США. Альфред Фассбендер оказал огромное влияние на развитие художественной фотографии и был награжден престижными наградами в области фотографии. [3.5.1884] | | Adolf Fassbender (1884-1980) was born in Grevenbroich, Germany, a small town near Cologne. Before entering the military, he initially assisted a photographer in Freiburg, Germany and subsequently worked in Dresden (where he also studied drawing and painting), Vienna (where he began specializing in hand-colored miniature portraits), and Antwerp. In 1911, he immigrated to the United States. He was first employed by the Selby Sisters and in 1921 opened his own New York studio. For the next seven years, he produced commercial, illustrative, and portrait photographs, some of which were exhibited at national conventions of the Photographers’ Association of America. He closed the business in 1928.
At about this time, Fassbender became interested in pictorialism and began making creative pictures with the camera. He exhibited in pictorial salons for twenty years, beginning in 1925, when his work was first accepted by London’s Royal Photographic Society. He presented solo shows in 1934 at the Camera Club of New York and in 1951 at the Smithsonian Institution. He joined camera clubs in New York, received honorary memberships from groups elsewhere, and was a founding member of the Photographic Society of America.
Fassbender shared his techniques and theories by writing for the photographic press. He began in the early 1930s with a short series of articles in Camera about various control methods. His article "Why Bother," about the importance of manipulating the negative, was printed over time by three different publications. Most significant was his book Pictorial Artistry: The Dramatization of the Beautiful in Photography, published in 1937.
After closing his studio in the late 1920s, Fassbender made his living as an instructor. He taught photography at the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences from 1930 to 1935 and in the late 1940s at the Central Branch Brooklyn YMCA. He also conducted private and group classes at his Manhattan and New Jersey residences and lectured to camera clubs and professional conventions throughout the country. Over the course of his teaching career, from which he retired in 1970, he had more than 18,000 students. | | | | | | | Жан-Батист Турнассу (Jean-Baptiste Tournassoud) (1866, 3 May - 1951, 5 January). The French photographer-Jean-Baptiste Tournassoud- was born in 1866. He became acquainted with photography in the mid 1890’s, at which time he also became associated with the Lumiere brothers, inventors of the cinematograph. He was one of the first to make color photographs with the Lumiere Autochrome plate. After a distinguished military career Tournassoud retired from the army with the rank of Major. [3.5.1866] | | Tournassoud was one of the finest practitioners of the now lost art of animal photography in addition to the many exceptional photographs taken during his military career. He also excels in the art of the landscape, the portrait and the staging, in a characteristic style where humor is often present.
His photographic career spanned over nearly 60 years, and he left a considerable body of work, indexed in many museums and collections.
• Jean-Baptiste Tournassoud Photographer (1866 - 1951)
• The colors of catastrophe. Rediscovered autochrome photography of the First World War | | | | | | | Якоб Август Риис (Jacob August Riis) (3 мая 1849 — 26 мая 1914) — датско-американский журналист-разоблачитель, фотограф. Известен как борец с социальным неравенством, старавшийся отобразить в своих работах жизнь «низов» Нью-Йорка. Также Риис относится к пионерам фотографии, поскольку он был первым фотожурналистом, начавшим использовать вспышку. [3.5.1849] | | В 1873 году он получил работу полицейского корреспондента в New York Evening Sun. В 1874 он перешел в Brooklyn News, а в 1877 — в New York Tribune. По работе Риис регулярно видел жизнь бедных слоёв населения и социальную несправедливость. Через свои работы он пытался привлечь внимание к этим фактам. Он также стал использовать вспышку для того, чтобы получать фотографии тёмных трущоб.
В 1889 году Scribner’s Magazine опубликовал фотоэссе Якоба Рииса, посвященное жизни города. Позже это эссе было расширено и опубликовано как магнум опус под названием «Как живут остальные» (How the Other Half Lives). Благодаря этой работе Теодор Рузвельт, в то время — специальный уполномоченный полиции, принял решение закрыть полицейские приюты для бездомных, известных своим жестоким обращением к бедным. Рузвельт был так поражен работой Рииса, что назвал его «Лучшим американцем, которого я знаю». Также Рузвельт ввёл понятие «Разгребатели грязи» (усердный, старательный разоблачитель), которым позже называли Рииса.
• Jacob August Riis | | | | |
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